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    基于InVEST模型的小滦河流域产水及水源涵养功能时空变化

    Spatial and temporal variation of water yield and water retention function in Xiaoluan River Basin based on InVEST model

    • 摘要: 小滦河流域是京津冀水源涵养功能区的重要组成部分。摸清小滦河流域产水量和水源涵养功能的时空演变格局, 可为流域水资源管理及区域可持续发展提供科学依据。以小滦河流域为研究对象, 基于2000、2010和2020年3期多源空间数据集, 通过InVEST模型和自相关分析法探究不同土地利用类型下流域水源涵养功能的时空变化及其空间集聚模式。结果表明: 1)灌丛、林地和草地为研究区主要地类, 20 a间城镇建设用地不断扩张, 沙地面积显著减少, 沙化环境得到明显改善。2)小滦河流域2000、2010和2020年年均产水量分别为0.425亿、0.669亿和1.147亿m3, 年均水源涵养量分别为0.035亿、0.061亿和0.073亿m3, 二者均呈现逐年稳步上升趋势。3)流域内产水和水源涵养高值区从中游御道口牧场逐渐向上下游林场和灌木林区转移, 表明中游牧场出现生态退化。4)不同土地利用类型的产水和水源涵养功能时空变化异质性明显, 对产水量贡献较大的地类为中、高度覆盖草地和灌丛, 对水源涵养量贡献较大的地类依次为灌丛、林地和中覆盖草地。

       

      Abstract:
      Background The Xiaoluan River Basin is an important part of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei water retention functional area. Finding out the spatiotemporal evolution patterns of water yield and water retention functions in the Xiaoluan River Basin can provide a scientific basis for water resource management and regional sustainable development.
      Methods In this paper, based on the multi-source spatial datasets in 2000, 2010 and 2020, the InVEST model and spatial autocorrelation analysis were used to explore the spatio-temporal changes and spatial clustering patterns of water conservation functions under different land use types in Xiaoluan River basin.
      Results 1) Shrublands, forest and grassland were the main land use types in study area, urban construction land continuously expanded while the sandy land significantly decreased, leading to a noticeable improvement in desertification conditions Over the past 20 years. 2) The annual average water yield of Xiaoluan River Basin in 2000, 2010 and 2020 was 0.425×108, 0.669×108 and 1.147×108 m3, respectively, and the annual average water retention was 0.035×108, 0.061×108 and 0.073×108 m3, respectively, both showing a steady increasing trend year by year. 3) The high-value areas of water yield and water retention in the basin gradually shifted from the Yudaokou pasture in the midstream to the forest land and shrublandsin the upstream and downstream, indicating that ecological degradation occurred in the midstream pasture. 4) The spatiotemporal variations of water yield and water retention function was obviously heterogeneous across different land use types, and the land types that contributed most to water retention were shrublands, forest land, and medium-coverage grassland.
      Conclusions This study can provide constructive scientific suggestions for land use optimization and water retention protection improvement in the Xiaoluan River Basin.

       

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