Abstract: Background To address the challenges of ecological restoration on exposed slopes, enhance and maintain regional ecological functions, and further expand the research and application scope of ecological benefits of vegetation blankets with seeds, it is of great significance to study the effects of vegetation blanket with seeds coverage on vegetation restoration and soil physicochemical properties of exposed slopes.Methods This study conducted outdoor experiments on artificially constructed slopes to investigate the effects of vegetation blankets with seeds made of different materials (straw and coir) and specifications (200 g/m² and 300 g/m²) on vegetation restoration and soil physicochemical properties under different slope gradients and aspects(35° and 25° sunny and shady slopes). The research integrated measurements of slope vegetation growth indicators, soil hydrothermal changes, and physicochemical properties, and employed the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method for comprehensive evaluation. Results The findings are as follows:1) Selecting appropriate specifications of fiber vegetation blankets with seeds can significantly promote vegetation restoration in the short term. Straw vegetation blankets with seeds are more suitable for sunny slopes, while coir vegetation blankets with seeds are more effective on shady slopes. Specifically, the 300 g/m² straw vegetation blanket with seeds on a 35° sunny slope achieved the highest vegetation coverage of 97%, and the 200 g/m² coir vegetation blanket with seeds on a 35° shady slope resulted in the maximum aboveground biomass of 667.81 g.2) The application of vegetation blankets with seeds significantly improved soil moisture conservation. The 300 g/m² coir vegetation blanket with seeds increased soil moisture content to 19.81% on shady slopes. However, the vegetation blanket coverage had no significant effect on soil temperature but showed a tendency to reduce monthly soil temperature fluctuations on certain slopes. For instance, on the 35° shady slope, the 300 g/m² coir vegetation blanket with seeds maintained a monthly temperature variation of 1.95°C compared to the control group.3) Deploying straw vegetation blankets with seeds on sunny slopes and coir vegetation blankets with seeds on shady slopes improved soil physical properties. The 300 g/m² coir vegetation blanket with seeds effectively enhanced soil chemical properties across slopes of various gradients and aspects.4) Based on the comprehensive evaluation using the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method, the optimal restoration effects were achieved as follows: on 35° sunny slopes with 200 g/m² straw vegetation blankets with seeds, on 35° shady slopes and 25° sunny slopes with 300 g/m² coir vegetation blankets with seeds, and on 25° shady slopes with 200 g/m² coir vegetation blankets with seeds.Conclusions The appropriate selection of vegetation blanket measures plays a positive role in slope ecological restoration, and the research results provide guidance for the scientific application of such measures.