Abstract: ObjectiveObjective to explore the driving mechanism of soil stoichiometric characteristics under different land use patterns in purple soil region, and provide a theoretical basis for coordinating regional soil and water conservation functions. MethodsTaking runoff plots with slopes of 15 ° as the research object, five land use modes, including shrub, fruit forest, bare land, cultivated land and grassland, were selected. Soil samples were collected from the surface (0~20 cm) and deep (20~40 cm) above and below the slope. Soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were measured, and soil stoichiometric characteristics were calculated. Results (1) The soil mechanical composition of runoff plot was mainly silt, and the soil pH value of fruit forest and shrub was significantly lower than that of other types (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05). (2) The content of SOC and TN in 0~40 cm soil layer was the highest in fruit forest and shrub forest, and the lowest in bare land and grassland; The topsoil has a strong response to the change of slope position, and the soil SOC, TN and TP under the slope are generally higher than those on the slope, and show a decreasing trend with the deepening of soil layer. (3) The order of soil C/N in 0~40 cm was as follows: fruit forest, cultivated land, bare land, shrub and grassland, and the order of soil N/P and C/P was as follows: fruit forest, shrub, grassland, cultivated land and bare land, and the difference was significant (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05). (4) Soil SOC was significantly positively correlated with TN and stoichiometric ratio (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001), TP was significantly negatively correlated with C/P and N/P (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001), and sand was significantly negatively correlated with soil TN (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05) and C/P (<italic>R²</italic>=0. 666), while TP and N/P (<italic>R²</italic>=0.078); Land use patterns dominated the surface stoichiometric variation (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01), while the deep layer was dominated by soil physical and chemical properties.ConclusionThe soil stoichiometric ratio of runoff plots is lower than the national average level, and the soil SOC content has the greatest impact on the soil stoichiometric ratio. The surface soil stoichiometric ratio is regulated by land use changes, while the deep soil is mainly controlled by solid physical and chemical properties. It is suggested that in addition to optimizing the surface coverage type, the effects of slope position, soil layer and other factors on nutrient cycling should be considered in the purple soil area.