Abstract: 【Objective】To evaluate the prevention and control effects of the hillside ditch + daylily hedgerow technology on soil and water loss and nitrogen-phosphorus loss, this study took red soil sloping farmland as the research object.【Method】Through setting up treatment plots and control plots in sloping farmland under summer peanut-winter rapeseed rotation,experimental research on runoff, sediment yield, and nitrogen-phosphorus loss was carried out.【Results】The results showed that: compared with the control plots, (1) under moderate and heavy rain conditions, the treatment plots reduced the average surface runoff depth by 28.82% and 39.57%, respectively, and reduced the average soil loss by 46.76% and 73.39%, respectively; (2) when the rainfall intensity was less than 1 mm/h, between 1-5 mm/h, and greater than 5 mm/h, the average surface runoff depth in the treatment plots decreased by 46.49%, 41.92%, and 11.99%, respectively, and the average soil loss decreased by 30.74%, 69.36%, and 59.47%, respectively; (3) the treatment plots showed good reduction effects on the loss of dissolved total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, soluble nitrogen, soluble phosphorus, and dissolved total phosphorus. Within 30 days after fertilization, the reduction rates of the treatment plots for the loss of the above indicators ranged from 7.42% to 32.08%, and after 30 days of fertilization, the reduction rates ranged from 14.55% to 39.12%.【Conclusion】The technology of "hillside ditch + daylily hedgerow" has a good interception effect on runoff, sediment yield, and nitrogen and phosphorus loss from sloping farmland in the red soil region of southern China.The research results can provide a scientific basis for the promotion and application of the hillside ditch + daylily hedgerow technology.