Abstract: By human excessive reclamation of land and unreasonable farming,regional soil and water loss is becoming a constraint factor in sustainable use of arable land and food production in Northeast China.In this study,based on discrimination and select of historical data,the relationship between population,landuse changes and soil and water loss in Northeast China from 1840 up to now is analyzed.The results show that: When the population density up to 60—70 people per square kilometer,along with lifestyle changes,application of mechanization technology,the forest coverage dropped to 30%,and reclamation rate reach to 30%,which makes an increasingly serious problem of regional soil erosion in Northeast China.