Abstract: The article analyzed the present status,the characteristics,the causes,the harm,and the changes within the last 50 years of soil erosion in the hilly area of Southern China based on the results of the project of "Scientific and Comprehensive Investigation of Soil Erosion and Ecological Safety in China".The results show that the total soil erosion area is 131 244.9 km² in the region at present,which accounts for 15.06% of the total area of the region.The results also show that the total eroded area increased before 1985 and decreased after that in the last 50 years.A strategy of comprehensive controlling the soil erosion in the region is proposed.It indicates that the Soil and Water Conservation Law of China is the fundamental guarantee of comprehensively controlling soil erosion;and the scientific planning,regionalization control,and strategetic boosting should be considered as the premise of comprehensive control of soil erosion in the region.In the strategy the push of the mechanism of economic compensation,the actualization of key projects,and the acceleration of scientific and technological advancement for the comprehensive control of soil erosion are also emphasized.