Abstract: China is one of the countries suffering from serious soil erosion in the world.The soil erosion has adversely affected the economic and social development,and people's production and life to a great extent.However,most relevant studies on the economic loss of soil erosion provided qualitative descriptions rather than quantitative evaluation.Based on the influence analysis and loss classification of soil erosion,this paper designs evaluation models and estimates the economic losses caused by soil erosion in 1990 and 2000 by province.The evaluating results show that the soil erosion affected the economic development greatly,especially in the Southwest and Northwest of China.Comparing 2000 with 1990,both the area and intensity of soil erosion decreased a little while the economic losses increased by 34.8% in China.The soil and water conservation is still a long-term but arduous task.