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    凉水国家级自然保护区原始红松林和人工落叶松林降雨的水化学特征

    Precipitation hydrochemical characteristic in virgin Pinus koraiensis forest and artifical Larix gmelinii forest in Liangshui National Nature Reserve

    • 摘要: 对凉水国家级自然保护区原始红松林和人工落叶松林2种森林类型的林外降雨、穿透雨和树干茎流中的无机态N、TN、TP、K+、Ca2+、Na+、Mg2+等养分元素进行测定,研究2种森林类型的水化学特征。结果表明:林外降雨中Ca2+含量最高,TP含量最低,无机态N以NH4+-N为主,养分元素平均含量(以mg/L计)排列顺序为Ca2+>TN>K+>Na+>Mg2+>TP,各养分元素在林外降雨中的季节变化较大,变化幅度最小的是Ca2+;降雨经过林冠层后,穿透雨的水化学特征发生了很大变化,自7月开始,K+、Mg2+含量增加,Ca2+在7月减少,8、9月增加,无机N含量降低,TP在原始红松林穿透雨中增加,在人工落叶松林中则减少;2种森林类型的树干茎流中,养分元素的含量存在明显的不同,但总体变化趋势一致,K+、Ca2+、Mg2+的含量均大于穿透雨中的含量,自7月开始,TP、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+含量均高于林外降雨中的含量,且在人工落叶松林中增加量要比在原始红松林中的高,无机态N均低于林外降雨中的含量。研究结果可为凉水国家级自然保护区森林生态系统养分循环的研究提供重要的本底资料。

       

      Abstract: The hydrochemical characteristic of precipitation,throughfall and stemflow in virgin Pinus koraiensis forest and artifical Larix gmelinii forest were studied in Liangshui National Natural Reserve.Inorganic nitrogen,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,potassium,calcium,natrium,magnesium as the indicators of the hydrochemical characteristic were compared.The results showed that in precipitation the highest concentration was for calcium and the lowest for total phosphorus among all analyzed nutrients,and ammonium is the most abundant inorganic nitrogen.The decreasing order of all elements contained was calcium,total nitrogen,potassium,natrium,magnesium,total phosphorus.The amount of each element was very various in terms of seasons alternate and in which the change of potassium and magnesium of throughfall and stemflow were clearly higher than those of rainfall,calcium was lower in July and higher in August and September,at the same time inorganic nitrogen presented a inverse trend,but total phosphorus was higher in virgin Pinus Koraiensis forest and lower in artifical Larix gmelinii forest.The nutrient concentrations of stemflow in two different forests were different significantly,but their trends were similar,among which potassium,calcium and magnesium of stemflow were higher than those of throughfall,since July the concentrations of total phosphorus,potassium,calcium and magnesium were higher than those of precipitation,the elements above were higher in artifical Larix gmelinii forest than those in virgin Pinus Koraiensis forest,but inorganic nitrogen was less than that of precipitation.The important basic data which came from the results can be used to study on nutrient cycle in Liangshui National Natural Reserve.

       

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