Abstract: Water resource is an important strategic resource for the development of society and economic activities. However, floods and droughts happen more and more frequently, the situation of a disaster is heavier from a whole point of view. Soil and water loss is one of the main reasons for the increasingly serious disaster. Soil and water conservation is not only an important measure to regulate, control and optimize water resource allocation, but also the main route to solve water issues and achieve its sustainable development. How to arrange soil and water conservation measures reasonably and scientifically from the point of optimizing the allocation of water resource needs theoretical and technical research systematically.