Abstract: In order to accelerate the course of soil and water conservation in the Loess Plateau,and realize the harmonious regional development,it was thoroughly analyzed and discussed that key problems appeared in the harness of soil and water loss in the Loess Plateau,as well as the necessity and efficiency of vegetative measures here basically.Furthermore,the constructive thoughts and countermeasures for the river valley and plain area,loess hilly and gully area,gully area of plateau,Ordos plateau,as well as rocky mountain area of the Loess Plateau were put forward respectively,and of which the construction and protection of vegetation should be focused.Moreover,it was also pointed out that some attentions to the harness of soil and water loss by vegetative measures should be paid.