Abstract: To control the serious soil erosion and water loss in Loess Plateau in the north of Shaanxi, a large scale of eco-environmental conservation was developed in Yanan City, which had achieved notable success in the removal lands from cultivation for afforestation and grass planting. After 5 years' control by the end of 2002, a control area of 4758km² of soil and water conservation had been accomplished. The erosion control ratio had been increased to 37.3% from 19.8% in 1998, and the vegetation cover in the key controlled watersheds had been increased year by year. The eco-environment began to turn to the benign cycle. The experiences were as follows, establishing institution, putting responsibilities into effect, unifying planning, carrying out separately, fulfilling the policies, innovating the mechanisms, enhancing supervision and controlling legally.