Abstract: Slope bioengineering and masonry structure engineering are the commonly used types for slope protection.Slope bioengineering has significant protective effect on ecology environment,yet vegetation has complex effect on the stability of slope,it plays both positive and negative roles.Masonry structure can inhibit the erosion of the slope caused by rainstorm,but it has not reinforcing function of the shallow soil.The impact principle of it is to keep the water from slope so as to avoid disaster.The inhibition of erosion provided by vegetation cover is remarkable,and it has reinforced action on the shallow soil.But the limitations of biotechnical slope protection is obvious,and it has the possibility to induce the deep seated landslide.This paper analyzed both effectiveness and shortcoming of bioengineering through mechanical effect and hydrological effect,and it may provide a good reference to find the ideal slope protection measures which can utilize the excellences for both bioengineering and masonry structure.