Abstract: The calastrophic debris flow disaster occurred in August 7,2010 at Zhouqu County,Gansu Province shocked the world because more than thousand of people died and several hundreds of people missed.This paper focuses on the impact of the land use,soil and water conservation,water hydropower development and other major human activities on debris flow disasters.Meanwhile,the problems of soil and water conservation in west region of China have been discussed.Finally,the opportunities and challenges for soil and water conservation in west region of China have been analyzed.