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    退化华北落叶松林枯落物对近自然经营的短期响应

    Short-term response of litter of degraded Larix pricipis-rupprechtii forest to close-to natural management

    • 摘要: 以冀北山地退化华北落叶松人工林为研究对象,探讨枯落物持水性能对不同经营措施3年内的短期响应,为深入研究近自然经营对森林水土保持功能的影响提供理论依据。结果表明:1)皆伐带(封禁+带状皆伐+人工存进更新)内枯落物储量先增加后减少,保留带(只封禁)内持续增加;2)最大持水率增幅为皆伐带15m(72.54%)>皆伐带30m(49.54%)>保留带(27.03%),有效拦蓄率增幅为皆伐带15m(110.13%)>皆伐带30m(83.27%)>保留带(40.64%),最大持水量增幅为保留带(175.96%)>皆伐带15m(70.39%)>皆伐带30m(47.01%),有效拦蓄水量增幅为保留带(204.99%)>皆伐带30m(141.96%)>皆伐带15m(50.37%);3)人工促进更新2年后白桦幼林地枯落物储量、最大持水量和有效拦蓄水量都高于华北落叶松和蒙古栎幼林地。因此,近自然经营措施在短期内可显著增强林地枯落物层水土保持功能,是恢复退化华北落叶松林生态功能的有效手段。

       

      Abstract: Taken the degraded Larix pricipis-rupprechtii man-made forest in the mountain area of north Hebei Province as objects, the short-term response of water-holding characteristics to different management measures in three years were studied, which could provide theoretical base for the research of the impact of close-to nature management measure on soil and water conservation function of forest. Results showed that: 1) In clear-cut strips (blockading + clear cut in strips + manual promote renew), litter storage increased firstly and then decreased, but in leave strip (blockading only), it increased continuously. 2) The increasing range for maximum water holding rate was clear cut strip 15m (72.54%)> clear cut strip 30m (49.54%)> leave strip (27.03%), for effective retention rate occurred clear cut strip 15m (110.13%)> clear cut strip 30m (83.27%)> leave strip (40.64%), and for maximum water holding capability was leave strip(175.96%)> clear cut strip 15m (70.39%)> clear strip 30m (47.01%), and for effective water retention was leave strip (204.99%)> clear cut strip 30m (141.96%)> clear strip 15m (50.37%). 3) The litter mass, maximum water holding capability and effective water retention of afforestation land of Betula platyphylla Suk were larger than those of afforestation land of Larix principis-rupprechtii and Quercus mongolica Fischer ex Ledebour. It can be concluded that close-to nature management measure would significantly enhance the water conservation function of forest land in the short-term and it was effective measures for the restoration of ecological function of degraded Larix principis-rupprechtii forest.

       

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