Abstract: The soil seed banks of different point positions at different locations in moving dune with Salix psammophila checkerboard sand barrier of seven years were studied. Results show that sand barrier could intercept plant seeds and supplement the soil sand banks. Species composition and density of the soil seed banks were different. Their descending order in horizontal distribution was the lower part, the upper part, the middle part, the top part of windward slope, and the density was 0 on leeward slope. In the vertical distribution they significantly decreased as the increase of soil depth. The declining order of the biodiversity index of the soil seed banks was the upper part, the lower part, the middle part and the top part of windward slope. Species composition of the soil seed banks is medium similarity, but high similarity in sand barrier on neighboring position and low similarity in sand barrier on spaced position. Species composition and density of the soil seed banks at different locations were different. The declining order of the spatial distribution of density along the wind ( the five points A, B, C, D and E on the diagonal from the northwest corner to the southeast corner of the Salix psammophila checkerboard sand barrier) and perpendicular to the wind (the north and south borders inside the Salix psammophila checkerboard sand barrier) was the northwest corner of the sand barrier (A), the point at the quarter of the diagonal to the northwest corner (B), the midpoint of the north border inside the sand barrier (F), the southeast corner of the sand barrier (E), the midpoint of the south border inside the sand barrier (G), the point at the quarter of the diagonal to the southeast corner (D) and the midpoint of the diagonal (C). There were two greater density parts and two smaller density parts in sand barrier. Except for richness index of Margalet on different point positions, the order of other indices was the midpoint of the south border inside the sand barrier (G)>the northwest corner of the sand barrier (A)>the point at the quarter of the diagonal to the northwest corner (B)>the midpoint of the diagonal (C)>the southeast corner of the sand barrier (E)> the point at the quarter of the diagonal to the southeast corner (D)>the midpoint of the north border inside the sand barrier (F). The similarity coefficient of floristic composition of soil seed banks of different point positions changed greatly. The study could provide theoretical basis for vegetation restoration evaluation under the condition of sand barrier.