Abstract: In order to select the compound planting pattern with good soil and water conservation benefits and provide a reference to the sustainable development of Eucalypt plantations, the runoff and soil erosion amount of different planting patterns including Eucalyptus-grass, Eucalyptus-crop and Eucalyptus-herbal medicine were observed in standard runoff plots (20 m×5 m). The results showed that: compared with only Eucalyptus plantation, the runoff of other plantations, such as Eucalyptus-grass, Eucalyptus-crop and Eucalyptus-herbal medicine, decreased by 21.07% -31.02%, 33.91% -38.71% and 1.51% -67.12% respectively; soil erosion was obviously affected by human activity in the early-period, but soil erosion was not found in plantation patterns of Eucalyptus-grass, Eucalyptus-crop and Eucalyptus-herbal medicine two years later. Compared with other compound planting patterns, the decrease rate of runoff and soil erosion amount of Eucalyptus-cassava planting pattern was the greatest. Therefore, the Eucalyptus-cassava plantation is considered as an appropriate compound planting pattern with good soil and water conservation benefit.