Abstract: The characteristics of soil erosion and nutrient loss under different slope farming measures of red soil in Yunnan were studied based on rainfall-runoff process. The results showed that for the down slope tillage, the different amounts of fertilizer would lead to different vegetation coverage, which will affect the amounts of soil erosion and nutrient loss. Compared with the treatment of covering film, contour tillage after uncovering film could improve soil moisture-holding capacity and reduce soil erosion, especially straw mulching after uncovering film performed better. At early stage, the main factors affecting soil erosion and nutrient loss by tobacco plant were farming measures; and at maturity stage, the main affecting factor was vegetation coverage. Compared with nitrogen loss, the phosphorus loss was affected greater by runoff.