Abstract: In this paper, the erosion control degree was defined as the ratio of the minimum possible soil erosion modulus and actual soil erosion modulus. The minimum possible soil erosion modulus was 2573t/(km2·a)) under soil and water conservation measures in Wangmaogou Watershed. Based on the land use map in 2004, the actual soil erosion modulus of Wangmaogou Watershed was 7413t/(km2·a). According to the definition of the erosion control degree, the erosion control degree of Wangmaogou Watershed was at a lower level of 0.35, due to existed sloping farmland and less forestry area. Therefore, we suggested that erosion control degree should be as the evaluation indicator for the status of soil and water conservation.