Abstract: By summarizing the research methods,the spatio-temporal characters of the carbon storage and carbon cycle in forest ecosystem and the environmental reaction on carbon exchange between the forest ecosystem and the atmosphere,some suggestions are given as follows: the biological statistical method is classical on carbon storage,and the eddy covariance method is propitious to the process and mechanism of carbon cycle;the forests in low latitude area are carbon sources,and carbon sinks in middle and high latitude;the carbon storage increases with the process of succession,and runs to a relative balance in climax;the environmental reaction to net ecosystem carbon budget is determined by the environmental factors(radiation,temperature and water etc.) in the process of photosynthesis and respiration of the forest ecosystem.The existing shortcomings and the directions for future research of forest ecosystem carbon storage and carbon cycle in China are also discussed in this paper.