Abstract: In recent years, the soil and water loss prevention and control in production and construction projects have formed a sound system in programme formulation, review and approval; however, the implementation of programme phase is incompatible with the previous programme formulation, review and approval. Based on implementation and inspection practice of water and soil conservation programme in recent years, we analyze and summarize the problems in the programme implementation phase and put forward some countermeasures and suggestions by analyzing the linking warranty of soil and water loss prevention and control measures design, the guarantee mechanism of soil and water conservation programme implementation, and the reward and punishment mechanism of soil and water conservation measures implementation.