Characteristics of wind conditions and sediment grain size in Dengkou section of Ulanbuh Desert for sand control and prevention

In the study of regional wind energy resources and the assessment of the intensity of wind and sand activities, surface sediment and sand transport potential play a crucial role, which are not only the key indicators of the regional wind energy environment, but also an effective basis for the in-depth understanding of the intensity of wind and sand activities. By exhaustively analyzing these indicators, we are able to more comprehensively grasp the wind energy utilization potential of the region as well as the needs for wind and sand hazard prevention and control. The results show that: 1) between 2018 and 2023, the average annual wind speed of sandy winds in Dengkou section along the Yellow River in Ulanbuh Desert is 7.08 m/s, the average annual frequency of sandy winds is 27.30%, and the maximum wind speed reaches 20 m/s. These three indexes show a distinct seasonal fluctuation pattern and the fluctuation trend fits, and the dominant wind direction of sandy winds stays the same in all seasons and throughout the year, with the westerly wind (SW) as the main wind direction, and the wind direction of sandy winds is the same. Both are dominated by westerly winds (SW, WSW, W, WNW) and easterly winds (NE, ENE, E).2) The sand transport potential (DP) and synthetic sand transport potential (RDP) of the Dengkou section of the Yellow River coast in the Ulanbuh Desert for the whole year (2018-2023) are 390.86 VU and 249.83 VU, respectively, and the sand transported material is transported towards the east direction throughout the year.3) The area of the mobile dune will be used as a control compared with other protection areas, the average particle size of the locking edge protection forest area, farmland protection forest area, artificial pike forest area and sealing area is smaller. Based on the analysis of wind conditions and sediment grain size, it is recommended to carry out long-term observation of wind and sand flow in this area, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of wind and sand disasters in Ulanbuh Desert from the aspects of wind energy environment and wind and sand activity pattern.