Benefits of biological measures to the soil and water conservation in Gannan Mountain Area

In order to find out the ecological benefits by biological measures in the Chongdungou small watershed,all the different soil and water conservation benefits are monitored by using the way of the runoff plot and the hydrometric station.It is efficient to reduce runoff,soil erosion,and fertility loss by the reinforcement planting of the Schima superba Gardn.et Champ,bushes and herbs in the low efficient Pinus massoniana Lamb.stands.The benefits are the most remarkable by the reinforcement planting of the Schima superba Gardn.et Champ.The vegetation coverage is higher in the area of closing land for reforestation and the afforestation area with less runoff and soil erosion.The runoff and the soil erosion are reduced year by year with the various bunds planted with Gardenia stenophylla Merr vegetation in the orchard.Compared to the year of 2006,the runoff volume in 2007 was reduced by 14.83% and the soil loss by 1 142.49 t in the Chongdungou Watershed.The benefits of biological measures are very remarkable to control the water and soil losses.